Halal and Animal Welfare 清真食物與動物福利

What is Halaal ( هلال  )?Halal is an Arabic word meaning lawful or permitted. The opposite of halal is HARAAM (حرام ), which means unlawful or prohibited. Halal and haram are universal terms that apply to all facets of life. However, we will use these terms only in relation to food products, meat products, cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, food ingredients, and food contact materials.
Halal=可允許的，Haram=禁止的。可應用在宇宙所有面向，但是就清真標誌而言只用在食物、食品、肉品、化妝品、個人衛生用品、藥品、食材等。
While many things are clearly halal or haram, there are some things which are not clear. Further information is needed to categorize them as halal or haram. Such items are often referred to as mashbooh, which means doubtful or questionable.
許多事物很清楚可以知道是halal或是haram，但很多事情是不清楚的。（古代的古蘭經畢竟可以涵蓋現在的食用品與日用品有限）
Mshbooh指的是可以被合理懷疑與質問的。

就食物來說：

All foods are considered halal except the following (which are haram):

• Swine/Pork and its by-products – Read more on WHY PORK IS PROHIBITED 
• Animals improperly slaughtered or dead before slaughtering
• Alcoholic drinks and intoxicants
• Carnivorous animals, birds of prey and certain other animals
• Foods contaminated with any of the above products

基本上有五大類（初級的分類）

豬肉及含有豬肉的食品

未經儀式性屠宰的動物，包括自然死亡的動物

含有酒精的

肉食性動物，獵食性鳥類，（這裡還有沒有魚鱗的魚類，以及某些貝類）

含有以上動物者

Foods containing ingredients such as gelatin, enzymes, emulsifiers, and flavors are questionable (mashbooh), because the origin of these ingredients is not known.

Ref: Islamic Food and National Council of America

食物中含有膠質、酵素、乳化劑以及人工香料者是屬於可被懷疑者，因為來源不明。

但並不是只有食材本身可能會被禁止，連動物怎麼死的都很重要。食物的誕生，是一個社會過程。怎麼屠宰的也非常重要，也可能使得某些肉類不得食用。

The Islamic practice of slaughtering animals by means of a sharp cut to the front of the neck has frequently come under attack by some animal rights activists as being a form of animal cruelty, the claim being that it is a painful inhumane method of killing animals. In the West, it is required by law to stun the animals with a shot to the head before the slaughter, supposedly to render the animal unconscious and to prevent it from reviving before it is killed so as not to slow down the movement of the processing line. It is also used to prevent the animal from feeling pain before it dies.

It therefore may come as a surprise to those who have made such acclimations to learn of the results of a study carried out by Professor Wilhelm Schulze and his colleague Dr. Hazim at the School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover University in Germany. The study: ‘Attempts to Objectify Pain and Consciousness in Conventional (captive bolt pistol stunning) and Ritual (halal, knife) Methods of Slaughtering Sheep and Calves’ concludes that Islamic slaughtering is the most humane method of slaughter and that captive bolt stunning, practiced in the West, causes severe pain to the animal.

In the study, several electrodes were surgically implanted at various points of the skull of all animals, touching the surface of the brain. The animals were allowed to recover for several weeks. Some animals were then slaughtered by making a swift, deep incision with a sharp knife on the neck cutting the jugular veins and the carotid arteries as well as the trachea and esophagus (Islamic method). Other animals were stunned using a Captive Bolt Pistol (CBP). During the experiment, an electroencephalograph (EEG) and an electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded the condition of the brain and the heart of all animals during the course of slaughter and stunning.

屠宰動物方式：
伊斯蘭：快刀準確，放血衛生。
(即以鋒利的刀迅速地在其頸部深深切割，截斷頸靜脈及頸動脈以及氣管和食管)

西方：電擊頭暈厚宰殺。

德國漢諾威大學(Hanoves University)的Professor Schuetz 及其同事Dr. Hazim便就此進行一項實驗，利用腦電素描器和心電圖探測被屠宰的牲畜的反應。結果發現伊斯蘭的屠宰法是一種絕對無痛的屠宰；相反，西方的捕獵槍擊法郤 令被宰牲畜受到極大痛苦。實驗結果令人大為震驚。

　　實驗細節及方法：

　　1. 為一群將被屠宰的牲畜進行手術，將數支電極注入頭蓋骨的不同位置，便能接觸腦部表面。

　　2. 讓這群動物休息數星期。

　　3. 部分動物以伊斯蘭的方法屠宰。(即以鋒利的刀迅速地在其頸部深深切割，截斷頸靜脈及頸動脈以及氣管和食管)

　　4. 部分動物則以西方無痛槍擊的屠宰方法屠宰。

　　5. 在這兩個屠宰的過程中，被宰牲畜的腦部活動和心跳情況都會記錄在腦電素描器和心電圖中。

　　結果及討論：

　　伊斯蘭的宰牲法

　　1. 以伊斯蘭法定屠宰後的首三秒鐘，腦電素描器所顯示的結果與被宰前的情況並無分別。這指出動物在被切割時及被切割後並無痛苦。

　　2. 隨後的三秒鐘，腦電素描器更錄得沉睡及毫無知覺的狀態。這正好是因為大量血液從動物身體湧出所導致。

　　3. 經過以上六秒鐘後，腦電素描器只錄得零度，顯示完全無痛的狀態。

　　4. 由於大腦訊息下降至零，心�
��仍然跳動及身體急劇震動(這是脊髓的反射動作)，使大量血液湧出身體。因此，顧客亦能得到衛生的肉。

　　II　　西方的捕獵槍擊法

　　1. 被槍擊後的牲畜明顯地很快便進入無知覺的狀態。

　　2. 腦電素描器錄得被宰牲畜在擊後有很大的痛苦。以捕獵槍擊屠宰的動物心臟較早停頓，結果是大量血液仍保留在體內，顧客所得的肉亦因此而不太衛生了。

　　(Muslim Students Organization University of Miami)

The results were as follows:

I – Islamic Method

1. The first three seconds from the time of Islamic slaughter as recorded on the EEG did not show any change from the graph before slaughter, thus indicating that the animal did not feel any pain during or immediately after the incision.

2. For the following 3 seconds, the EEG recorded a condition of deep sleep – unconsciousness. This is due to the large quantity of blood gushing out from the body.

3. After the above-mentioned 6 seconds, the EEG recorded zero level, showing no feeling of pain at all.

4. As the brain message (EEG) dropped to zero level, the heart was still pounding and the body convulsing vigorously (a reflex action of the spinal cord) driving a maximum amount of blood from the body thus resulting in hygienic meat for the consumer.

II – Western method by C.B.P. Stunning

Captive Bolt Pistol (CBP)

1. The animals were apparently unconscious soon after stunning.

2. EEG showed severe pain immediately after stunning.

3. The hearts of animals stunned by C.B.P. stopped beating earlier as compared to those of the animals slaughtered according to the Islamic method resulting in the retention of more blood in the meat. This in turn is unhygienic for the consumer.

Western-Style Slaughtering and Mad Cow’s Disease

Not only is this method of stunning animals before the slaughter severely painful as shown by the previous experiment, but there is also a rising concern that this method may be a factor in the spread of mad cow’s disease from cattle to humans as it was discovered in recent research carried out at Texas A&M University and by Canada’s Food Inspection Agency, that a method called pneumatic stunning (which is the firing of a metal bolt into the cow’s brain followed by a pulverizing burst of 150 pounds of air pressure) delivered a force so explosive that it scattered brain tissue throughout the animal. This news is disturbing since the brain tissue and spinal cord are the most infectious parts of an animal with mad cow disease, which causes fatal Swiss cheese like holes in the brain of the infected animal. It is more disturbing to find out that around 30 to 40 percent of American cattle are stunned by pneumatic guns.

 

伊斯蘭的屠宰法不僅讓動物感受無痛，還有其他優點。有一些科學家開始懷疑，狂牛病的誕生正是因為屠宰方式的不當。因為電擊常常都是針對腦部。有一種是其他打進牛的腦部，因此腦的組織其實會爆炸開來，而腦部組織正是傳播狂牛病最常有傳染力的部位。百分之三十到四十的美國牛都是使用這個空氣電擊法。

 

清真屠宰

在清真屠宰方法下，颈被切割后的最初三秒内，脑电图的数据没有变化，显示动物没有因刀伤而感痛楚。这并不足为奇。很多时，我们不慎被利器所伤，也未 必实时察觉得到，须一会儿后，才感觉到疼痛。继后的三秒，所记录得到的，是因大量失血所带来的深层睡眠似的知觉丧失。最后脑电图录得〝零〞数据，表示 〝零〞痛楚；不过，这时动物的心脏仍在跳动，身体强烈地抽搐，这是脊髓的反射效应。正是这个令人感到非常恶心的一刻，使人觉得动物正受到极大的痛苦，而事 实上，其脑部并没有被录到任何感知的数据。

 

西方式屠宰

在西方式屠宰方法下，动物被电击晕后，明显地使人看来多么平静安祥。可是，脑电图显示动物被电击后，实时有极大的痛楚反应。在清真屠宰方法下，动物 因脑缺血和氧 (即一般所说的脑死亡) 而不感觉到痛楚；反之，在西方式屠宰方法下，所记录到的是动物的心脏先停止跳动，而同时也记录到牠们正感觉到痛楚；可是，这时动物并没有出现抽搐的反应。 这种屠宰方式，会使较多的血液停留在动物的体内；不过，屠宰工序会变得简单方便得多，符合现代化的工厂式屠宰效益。试想，一头无法动弹的动物是多么容易地 被运输带来回运送和宰割。

 

表象可骗人

事情并不这么简单。那些想取缔清真屠宰的人，辩称支持人道屠宰，骨子里所关心的是人的感受多于动物的感受。电击屠宰不但使屠宰工作变得简单容易，也 使消费者吃肉吃得心安理得。当消费者自超级市场买回来整洁的包装肉食时，他们会自欺地觉得动物没有为他们抵受过痛苦。相反地，伊斯兰没有企图掩饰吃肉是须 要动物为我们抵受痛苦及牺牲性命；而以清真方法屠宰，就是要确保我们在屠宰动物时，尽量减轻牠们的痛苦。

 

http://www.yslzc.com/zjxy/jdxy/zjzs/201111/37072.html

 

source: http://www.khilafatworld.com/2011/11/scientists-prove-that-islamic-method-of.html